Prostatitis is the most common urological disease in men over 45 years. According to statistics, since the Noi or a form of inflammation of the prostate gland faces every second man. The disease is characterized by urination difficulties and pain. The activated form of disease is serious and intractable problem, so the treatment of prostatitis should be initiated promptly.
Common causes of the development of the disease
To understand what kind of disease prostatitis and why it appears, should understand the features of the functioning of the prostate. This hormone-dependent organ fulfills a very important function – ensures the viability of the sperm after ejaculation, allowing them to move freely to the egg. This function is provided by a special secret, which is mixed with the substance and is about one third of the volume of seminal fluid.
The reasons for the development of the disease can be divided into General, which increase the risk of inflammation, and the specific characteristic of a particular form of inflammation.
The disease develops for the following reasons:
- the lack of regular sexual life;
- hypothermia;
- infection of the body;
- bad habits;
- obesity;
- constipation;
- lack of exercise;
- cardiovascular disease;
- stress.
The lack of regular sexual activity leads to the development of stagnant processes, which provoke inflammation. For normal operation, the prostate must be regularly and fully emptied, which can be achieved only through intercourse. During Masturbation there is an incomplete emptying of the segments of the body, can not replace the natural separation of the prostate secretion as during full intercourse.
Hypothermia lower body leads to irritation of the prostate gland. This weakens the overall immune system and can cause penetration into the prostate conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, always present in the human body. Infection of the prostate gland occurs in several ways:
- with blood flow, in the presence of chronic foci of infection in the body;
- with the flow of lymph in infectious inflammation of the pelvis;
- by reverse throw urine or ejaculate, during sexual infections, cystitis and kidney diseases.
Bad habits have an indirect impact on the development of prostatitis. The fact is that with age the prostate be a natural change. After about 50 years slows the release of male sex hormones, the prostate grows in size. This leads to a slowing of metabolic processes and as a result of several negative factors, including Smoking and alcohol abuse, appear congestion in the body. Not an inflammatory disease associated with prostate enlargement because of natural aging, has similar symptoms and is called BPH or benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Another factor, considered to be the cause of the disease in men is obesity. Violation of metabolism slows down all processes in the body. This disrupts the normal blood supply of prostate blood circulation of the body, develops a stagnation of prostatic secretion. Generally, obesity men lead a sedentary lifestyle and do not adhere to proper nutrition. Physical inactivity provokes the poor circulation of the pelvis, unhealthy diet leads to constipation.
Violation of defecation, a long accumulation of feces in the bowel puts pressure on the prostate and irritate the body. During bowel movement, hard stool pass through the rectum, damaging its walls. In a certain place, the prostate is almost adjacent to the rectum, so during difficulty bowel movement occurs irritation of the body, which in certain conditions may be one of the causes of prostatitis. Besides constipation blood circulation of the pelvis that causes the development of stagnant phenomena in the prostate.
Cardiovascular disease and stress weaken the body. In the first and in the second case there is an infringement of blood circulation, including in the organs of the pelvis. In diseases of the cardiovascular system worsens the transport of oxygen to the cells of the body, and stress disrupts metabolic processes and weaken the immune system. To diseases of blood vessels negatively affect the function of the prostate, and can also include varicose veins.
None of these causes, except for infectious diseases, is a fundamental factor in the development of the disease. The causes are only risk factors and not determine the development of prostatitis, but increase the risk of this disease. As a rule, the prostatitis in men develops in the presence of multiple risk factors. Moreover, for each disease has characteristic predisposing factors.
The types of the disease
To accurately understand what is prostatitis in a broad sense, the knowledge of the causes of development and types of disease. In summary there are two main types of inflammation in the prostate is an infectious and non-infectious prostatitis.
Infectious prostatitis is an acute inflammatory process in the prostate gland caused by infection of the body. This form of the disease is characterized by pronounced symptoms, seriously affects the patient's quality of life, but enough can be successfully treated if the patient promptly turned to the doctor. The causes of such inflammation, various viruses, bacteria and fungi. Pathology develops rapidly in a matter of days is characterized by an overall deterioration of health and fever.
In infectious disease in prostate tissue appear inflammation. There are several forms of this disease, differing in the degree of involvement of the prostate tissue in the inflammatory process. Infectious prostatitis can occur local foci of suppuration and abscess of the prostate.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of the lack of regular sex life, system violations of blood circulation and stagnation in the pelvic. Inflammation infectious nature develops slowly and often occurs in the chronic form. This type of disease is characterized by moderately severe symptoms, a prolonged course of, however there are episodes when the symptoms worsen and symptoms of non-infectious prostatitis resemble an acute inflammatory process.
According to statistics, chronic prostatitis is diagnosed in 80% patients of urological clinics. An acute infectious inflammation found only in every fifth patient. This chronic noninfectious prostatitis is more closely related to age-related diseases, since the patients ' mean age 45-60 years, and infectious inflammation is more frequently diagnosed in young people living active sex life.
Infectious causes of prostatitis
The prostate is an important male organ when inflammation which develops prostatitis. The infectious form of the disease is a serious problem that is often faced by young men. The reason that infectious prostatitis "younger" is promiscuity among young people and early sexual initiation.
Quite often the cause of an infectious inflammation speaker:
- chlamydia;
- gardnerellosis;
- trichomoniasis;
- gonorrhea.
All these bacteria are sexually transmitted. Feature and the main danger that threatens the health of the prostate is asymptomatic for these diseases in men. If women are unable to detect and treat the disease caused by bacteria, sexually transmitted diseases, the men listed diseases specific symptoms are very rare. As a result, the long bacterium lives in the body, affecting the genital area. Under the influence of several factors (immunosuppression, hypothermia, stress) the bacteria enters through the urethra in the prostate gland. Because of the peculiarities of the structure of the body, the inflammatory process develops very quickly.
Infections, sexually transmitted diseases, causing the development of inflammation in about 10% of cases of infectious prostatitis. In other cases, are opportunistic pathogens that are always in the male body:
- Escherichia coli;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- staph;
- strep.
Prostatitis, triggered by opportunistic microorganisms, is developing rapidly and is often severe. For example, if the causative agent is the Staphylococcus aureus, in the prostate formed ulcers and a high risk of abscess development. Infection of the prostate by these organisms occurs by hematogenous in the presence of a focus of infection in the body. These agents can penetrate into the prostate in a reverse reflux of urine from the urethra on the background of infectious cystitis or kidney disease.
Isolated fungal prostatitis. This pathology is very rare but difficult to treat. The reason are the Candida albicans. This fungus is an important part of the normal intestinal flora and mucosa of man, but for a number of reasons can lead to the development of inflammation. This is due to an increase in the population of fungi. Infection of the prostate pathogens usually occurs in the presence of genital candidiasis (thrush) in men. This disease may occur due to immunodeficiency, but also sexually transmitted. Fungal prostatitis for a long time asymptomatic, and when the first signs appear, treatment is complicated by the fact that pathogenic microflora rapidly develops resistance to drugs. Fungal prostatitis often becomes chronic.
The causes and features of development of non-infectious prostatitis
Discovering the symptoms of prostatitis, it is crucial to consult a doctor and identify the type of the disease. Non-infectious prostatitis may be the result of:
- irregular sexual life;
- circulatory disorders;
- bad habits;
- physical inactivity.
The disease usually develops as a result of the simultaneous action of all the above factors. The average age of patients affected with infectious prostatitis is 45 years.
Doctors agree that high prevalence of infectious prostatitis obliged the pace of modern life. Most men are now employed in sedentary work, which negates physical activity. Lack of exercise takes massive momentum due to the lack of time for sport. This leads to problems with the spine that impair blood circulation in the lower body. An unbalanced diet leads to constipation, which further violate the trophism of the prostate. The situation worsens the lack of a regular sex life which is caused by the lack of a permanent partner or banal lack of time. The development of the disease lead to chronic diseases and pathologies of the cardiovascular system, e.g. hypertension, which affects men older than 40 years. If we add to this the constant stress and Smoking, emerges a typical portrait of the man suffering from non-infectious prostatitis.
The peculiarity of this disease:
- moderately severe symptoms;
- erectile dysfunction;
- the deterioration of fertility;
- long-term course.
Non-infectious prostatitis is very often becomes chronic. The disease is complicated treatment if a man is not willing to reconsider your lifestyle and give up bad habits.
Factors aggravating the disease – an unbalanced diet, frequent stress, lack of timely treatment. The exact symptoms and symptoms of prostatitis depend on the form of inflammation.
Diagnosis of the disease
Finding discomfort, violation of ejaculation, or pain, a man should consult a doctor.
Before examination the doctor will examine the patient and review of the complaint. Be sure to tell the doctor about the temperature, symptoms of intoxication – this will help you choose the right tactic of examination.
For the diagnosis of functional disorders of the prostate are used:
- prostate massage;
- Ultrasound and transrectal ultrasonography of the body;
- General and biochemical blood analysis;
- urine;
- Ultrasound of the bladder and kidneys;
- analysis of prostate secretion;
- analysis DOG.
The primary examination which is appointed to all men, with the exception of suspected acute bacterial prostatitis is prostate massage. The procedure is painless, but causes psychological discomfort. Massage is that the doctor inserts a finger into the anus of the patient and feels the prostate. A preliminary diagnosis can be made on the nature of the changes of the outlines of body, its density and dimensions. This involves stimulation of the prostate in the urethra is allocated a few drops of prostatic secretion. This material is sent to the laboratory for analysis. Such a study allows to identify:
- the presence of inflammatory process;
- the nature of the inflammation;
- the causative agent of the disease;
- the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics.
In acute bacterial inflammation, when a man has a high temperature and the risk of an abscess or purulent lesions of the body, massage is contraindicated conduct. With moderate inflammation and early development of infectious prostatitis, the doctor feels the prostate very gently, avoiding strong pressure and intense stimulation.
Identify the type of causative agent in acute inflammation helps the urine test. The fact that in the urethra are part of prostatic secretions, and urine, they are washed out of the urethra. The analysis allows us to separate the prostate secretion and urine to determine the type of the causative agent of inflammation.